Craps Variance Calculator

Calculate session variance, standard deviation, and probability ranges for your craps play. Understand the impact of odds bets on volatility.

Formula:Session σ = √(Variance × Decisions) × Bet

Session Std Deviation

$173.21

17.3 units

Expected Result

$-4.44

0.37% edge

P(Profit)

49.0%

Different bets have different variance

$

Base bet (flat bet or line bet)

30-40 typical for line bets

How long you plan to play

Expected Result Ranges for 120 Decisions

Expected (Average)
$-4.44
68% Range (1σ)
$-178 to $169
95% Range (2σ)
$-351 to $342

Bet Type Variance Comparison

Bet TypeEdgeVariance$10 Session σ*
Pass Line1.41%1.00$110
Don't Pass1.36%0.98$108
Pass + 3-4-5x Odds0.37%2.50$173
Don't Pass + Lay Odds0.27%2.80$183
Place 6 & 81.52%0.87$102
Place 5 & 94%1.08$114
Field - Triple 122.78%1.39$129

*Session standard deviation for $10 bet over 120 decisions

Craps Session Simulator

Monte Carlo simulation with 1,000 iterations

$

Your initial capital

%

Your expected advantage

%

Percentage of bankroll per bet

Total bets to simulate

Key Facts

  • Pass/Don't Pass variance: ~1.0 per decision (flat bets only)
  • Pass + 3-4-5x odds variance: ~2.5 per decision
  • More odds = lower edge % but higher variance (bigger swings)
  • 68% of sessions fall within 1 standard deviation of expected
  • Typical craps: 30-40 line bet decisions per hour

Frequently Asked Questions

What is variance in craps?

Variance measures how much your results can swing above or below expected. Craps has moderate variance for line bets (~1.0) but taking/laying odds increases variance significantly (2.5-3.0) because those additional bets are at true odds.

How do odds affect craps variance?

Taking or laying odds increases variance because you're betting more money at 0% house edge. While this reduces your overall percentage loss, the bigger bets create larger swings. A $10 Pass with 3x odds has similar variance to a $40 flat bet.

How many decisions per hour in craps?

A typical craps game sees about 30-40 decisions per hour for line bets, though this varies by table and shooter speed. Place bets can see 40-60 decisions since they resolve on any roll of their number or 7.

Why is craps variance important for bankroll?

Higher variance requires a larger bankroll to survive downswings. Even with Pass + odds (0.37% edge), you can easily lose or win 10+ betting units in a session due to variance. Understanding this prevents going broke during normal swings.