Combinations with Replacement Calculator

Calculate combinations with replacement CR(n,r) - selections where items can be repeated and order does not matter. Get step-by-step solutions and practical examples.

Formula:CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r) = (n+r-1)! / (r! × (n-1)!)

Results

With Replacement

220

CR(10, 3)

Without Replacement

120

C(10, 3)

n (types)10
r (selections)3
Effective n+r-112

Input Values

Number of distinct types/categories

Number of items to select

Show C(n,r) without replacement for comparison

Results

With Replacement

Ways to select 3 items from 10 types (items can repeat)

220

CR(10, 3)

Without Replacement

Ways to select 3 items from 10 (no repeats)

120

C(10, 3)

Ratio: CR(10,3) / C(10,3) = 1.83x more combinations when replacement is allowed.

Step-by-Step Calculation

Step 1:CR(10, 3) = C(10 + 3 - 1, 3)
Step 2:CR(10, 3) = C(12, 3)
Step 3:CR(10, 3) = 12! / (3! x 9!)
Step 4:CR(10, 3) = 479,001,600 / (6 x 362,880)
Step 5:CR(10, 3) = 220

Practical Examples

Click to calculate:

Combinations Comparison

TypeOrderReplacementFormulaResult
CR (this)NoYesC(n+r-1, r)220
C (standard)NoNon!/(r!(n-r)!)120
PR (perm w/ rep)YesYesn^r1,000
P (standard)YesNon!/(n-r)!720

Formulas Reference

Combinations with Replacement

CR(n, r) = C(n+r-1, r)

= (n+r-1)! / (r! x (n-1)!)

Order: No | Replacement: Yes

Standard Combinations

C(n, r) = n! / (r! x (n-r)!)

Order: No | Replacement: No

Results

With Replacement

220

CR(10, 3)

Without Replacement

120

C(10, 3)

Try These Examples

Quick-start with common scenarios

Practice Problems

Test your skills with practice problems

Practice with 2 problems to test your understanding.

?How Do You Calculate Combinations with Replacement?

Combinations with replacement (multiset) counts selections where items CAN be repeated and order does NOT matter. Formula: CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r) = (n+r-1)! / (r! x (n-1)!). Example: Choosing 3 ice cream scoops from 5 flavors (can repeat) = CR(5,3) = C(7,3) = 35 ways.

What are Combinations with Replacement?

Combinations with replacement, also called multiset combinations, count the number of ways to select r items from n types where repetition is allowed and order does not matter. The formula CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r) uses the 'stars and bars' technique. This is useful for problems like choosing ice cream scoops, distributing identical items, or selecting with replacement from a set.

Key Facts

  • Combinations with replacement allow selecting the same item multiple times
  • Formula: CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r) = (n+r-1)! / (r! x (n-1)!)
  • Also known as multiset combinations or combinations with repetition
  • Order does NOT matter: choosing AAB is the same as ABA or BAA
  • Uses the "Stars and Bars" counting technique in combinatorics
  • CR(n,r) >= C(n,r) since replacement allows more possibilities
  • Example: Ice cream scoops, dice outcomes (unordered), card draws with replacement
  • Related to distributing r identical items into n distinct bins

Quick Answer

Combinations with replacement (multiset) counts selections where items CAN be repeated and order does NOT matter. Formula: CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r) = (n+r-1)! / (r! x (n-1)!). Example: Choosing 3 ice cream scoops from 5 flavors (can repeat) = CR(5,3) = C(7,3) = 35 ways.

Frequently Asked Questions

Combinations with replacement (multiset combinations) count selections where items CAN be repeated and order does NOT matter. For example, choosing 3 ice cream scoops from 5 flavors where you can pick the same flavor multiple times. Formula: CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r).

The formula is CR(n,r) = C(n+r-1, r) = (n+r-1)! / (r! x (n-1)!). This is derived from the "stars and bars" counting technique, where we count ways to distribute r identical items into n distinct categories.

WITHOUT replacement: each item can only be selected once (standard combinations). WITH replacement: items can be selected multiple times (multiset). CR(n,r) is always >= C(n,r). Example: C(5,3)=10 but CR(5,3)=35.

Stars and bars is a counting method to find ways to distribute r identical items (stars) into n distinct bins separated by n-1 dividers (bars). The total arrangements of (r stars + n-1 bars) choosing positions for r stars gives C(n+r-1, r).

Use when: (1) Order does not matter (unordered selection), (2) Items CAN be repeated. Examples: ice cream scoops, dice sum distributions (unordered), selecting fruits from unlimited supply, multisets in mathematics.

Last updated: 2025-01-15